Examples of Instructional Design Theories

Check out this video!

​

This video is a great example of collaborative learning. Students are working in stations throughout the classroom. They write down their ideas to the given prompts and then proceed to rotate throughout the classroom to evaluate the ideas of their peers, add their own ideas, reevaluate their perspectives, and articulate their ideas in writing. The students are working together to not only address the prompts but to construct knowledge as a group through social interactions not only with each other directly but through the ideas put forth by their peers at the station paper. 

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

​

Check out this video and this video!

​

The first video is a rather silly but very applicable display of observational learning. People learn about behaviors by watching others, seeing the consequences of that behavior, and imitating the behavior themselves if they deem it to be possible and appropriate based upon the consequences of the action. This video shows multiple examples (granted, two are from ad campaigns about the topic, but one is from a movie) about how children in particular imitate the behavior of parents and other adults they have in their lives. This is a simple but effective demonstration of what observational learning is. 

​

The second video details a future teacher observing a current teacher and their lesson in a 5th grade classroom. The observer takes notes in a graphic organizer about what they observe, what they learn, and what they can do for their own future instruction. This utilizes not only observational learning but it promotes self-reflection and conscious thought about the knowledge the observer is incorporating into their future behaviors. This, to me, is a great example of observational learning and how it affects one's future patterns of behaviors; the observer can witness the techniques of the teacher, think about what they observed, and decide whether or not they would like to incorporate that same behavior in their future teaching.

Check out this video and this video!

​

The first video, while rather simple, delves into the application of reciprocal teaching techniques with students in a reading group. The instructor first demonstrates how to perform the desired reading strategies. Students then practice the application of those techniques with help from the teacher (zone of proximal development) until finally the students can perform the strategies (such as questioning, clarifying, and predicting) on their own. 

​

The second video shows another application of reciprocal teaching in reading groups, but goes a bit more in depth with the process and the questions that the students ask. The instructors also utilize a type/form of peer tutoring because they purposfully pair groups of strong reader with groups of weaker readers. The stronger readers can then assist in teaching the weaker readers through reciprocal teaching. The instructors, again, teach the students how to perform these behaviors before working on their own. The teachers also helped develop a mentality of a kind and democratic environment in the groups to promote equity and collaboration as they work together to read and understand the material and construct knowledge about the story.  

​

​

​